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Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a method used to treat infertility. It performs by involving the live sperm directly into a woman’s egg in a controlled setting. This technique can lead to the formation of an embryo, which is a fertilized egg. ICSI is a type of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
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In conventional IVF(in vitro fertilization), the eggs and sperm are mixed together in a Petri dish and incubated for a number of days. It is expected that the sperm will fertilise the eggs to produce embryos. However, this is assuming that the sperm are normal and active.
In ICSI, the egg is fertilised through the direct injection of a single sperm with the use of a fine needle. This makes ICSI the best procedure for male infertility treatments.
ICSI is likely to be recommended in the following circumstances;
Fertilization occurs when one of the sperm enters the egg’s cytoplasm. In the ICSI process, a tiny needle, called a micropipette, is used to inject a single sperm into the center of the egg. With either traditional IVF or ICSI, once fertilization occurs, the fertilized egg (now called an embryo) grows in a laboratory for 1 to 5 days before it is transferred to the woman’s uterus (womb).
Once retrieved the semen sample is washed and a single sperm is isolated. This is then injected into an egg with a very fine hollow needle. Since the sperm is injected directly, it bypasses the need to swim through the cervical fluid. It can take sperm up to 24 hours to fertilize an egg and create an embryo.
Very few sperms are sufficient as we use one sperm for one egg.
It is an expensive procedure requiring the use of specialised equipment.
Approximately 17-18 hours. The egg is placed back into the incubator. Fertilization occurs in 4-6 hours in humans but there are no visible signs until approximately 17-18 hours later. The first sign that fertilization has occurred visibly is the development of two round bodies in the center of the egg.