Fertility Health Check for her

• In women with bilateral tubal block.
• Men with azoospermia or severe oats.
• In men with very low sperm counts of less than 1 million
• Couples requiring donor eggs, donor embryos, or surrogacy.

The highly purified recombinant injections used for ovulation induction in an IVF cycle are very expensive by themselves.
The procedure to retrieve the eggs, the process of making the embryos, freezing them and the transfer involves a complex and meticulous combination of drugs, culture media, sophisticated equipment and technical expertise. That is why IVF is more expensive compared to the other treatments

Success rates in an IVF cycle cannot be generalized as they are case-specific and influenced by many factors such as:

• Age of the couple
• Number of eggs obtained
• quality and number of embryos transferred
• Presence of endometriosis
• Quality of the sperm
• Fresh or frozen cycle

Worldwide the success rates are given as 30 to 40 % per cycle. When trying for 2- 3 cycles with cryopreserved embryos, this would then give us a cumulative pregnancy rate of 70 to 80% CDC has designed an IVF success estimator which can help you to roughly predict your chances.

Injections commonly used in an IVF cycle are:

• FSH – contains only follicular stimulating hormone. Mostly recombinant versions may be used depending upon the case.
• HMG – Human menopausal gonadotrophins are preparations containing both FSH and LH in equal part.
• LH – contains only luteinizing hormone in its pure form.
• Recombinant HMG – contains recombinant FSH and LH in 2:1 ratio.
• Cetrorelix or Ganirelix – these are GnRH antagonists given to prevent the premature release of eggs.
• Hcg – Human Chorionic Gonadotropin is one of the injections commonly used to trigger the release of eggs from the follicles.
• Leuprolide acetate – It is a GnRH agonist injection which may alternately be used as a trigger where OHSS is anticipated.

OPU (ovum pickup) or oocyte retrieval is a daycare procedure where the follicles are aspirated transvaginally with ultrasound guidance in the operation theatre, under IV sedation given by an anaesthetist.
The embryologist examines the collected follicular fluid under the microscope and separates the eggs from it. They will inform us about the number of mature oocytes aspirated at the end of the procedure. The retrieved eggs are then placed in the incubator.
It is important to remember that not every follicle may contain an egg and that some may contain immature eggs which are not capable of fertilization.
Hence, the total number of eggs obtained may be lower than the number of follicles documented on ultrasound.
After the procedure, you may need to stay for a few hours till the sedation effect wears off and can then get discharged.

It is a rare condition of unknown reasons where there are no eggs retrieved even after an apparently normal response to ovarian stimulation and a careful aspiration.
Genetic factors, ovarian ageing are some of the reasons known to cause EFS.

OHSS is a potentially serious condition where the ovaries have been overly stimulated by fertility medications. The ovaries may increase in size and produce large amounts of fluid which then leads to pain and bloating of the abdomen.
When there is a strong possibility of OHSS as evidenced by the number of follicles, in PCOS or very high levels of serum estradiol, we may decide to adopt a policy of “Freeze all” and avoid fresh transfer to prevent serious OHSS.

Pre-treatment cycle:
In the cycle or month preceding the intended IVF cycle, we do a set of basic investigations in the male and female partners.

• Tests for ovarian reserve like the FSH, LH, AMH, serology and routine blood investigations will be taken in the female partner.
• AFC count on a transvaginal ultrasound may be taken.
• 3-D ultrasound or Diagnostic hysteroscopy may be advised to assess the uterine cavity.
• Husband’s semen analysis and C&S will be taken along with serology and basic blood investigations.
• You will then be asked to contact the IVF sister on day 1 of your withdrawal bleeding.

These tests may be omitted in case you happen to have all the relevant reports ready with you (taken within the past 6 months) or may be done in your own country and mailed to us in case you are from out of India.

• Day 1 post-OPU – the formation of 2 PN (pronuclei) denotes fertilization success and formation of a zygote.
• Day 2 post-OPU – The developing embryos should be at the 3 or 4 cell stage.
• Day 3 post-OPU -The healthy embryos should be at the 7 or 8 cell stage of division.
• In case we are doing day 3 transfers, we will decide on which embryos to transfer, freeze or discard at this stage depending on the number, quality of embryos and the endometrial thickness of the patient. This is a decision taken after counselling the couple.
• In case of Blastocyst transfer, we will culture the embryos till day 5 posts OPU and transfer or freeze them for use in subsequent frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles should the current one fail.

Yes, you can provide you know or can learn the method of self-administration.
However, the most important consideration is that since the drugs are hormonal preparations they need maintenance at proper cold temperature as per recommendation.
It is very important that they should be maintained properly to ensure the proper efficacy of the drug.

Taking leave during the period of ovulation induction may not be needed unless there is any pain or discomfort caused because of the hyperstimulation of the ovaries.
Since the retrieval of eggs is done under anaesthesia, rest for a day post-procedure may be needed.
Prolonged period of rest is not routinely recommended after embryo transfer also.

Yes, you can. There is no restriction to routine activities as an IVF pregnancy is similar to a natural pregnancy only.
If there are any complications associated with or developed during the course of pregnancy then you may be recommended to avoid certain activities.

An IVF pregnancy is similar to a natural pregnancy in most respects. However, in the first few weeks, extra support of progesterone medications and/or injections may be needed to sustain the growing pregnancy.
There is a slightly increased chance of developing certain pregnancy-related complications like hypertension during pregnancy.
There is no evidence to show an increased risk of birth defects from an IVF pregnancy.
However ongoing studies may answer this question in the future.

• Bed rest is not needed and actually evidence shows that pregnancy rates may decrease with bed rest.
• There is no restriction for routine physical activity..
• Any unusual strenuous activity should be avoided

• It is recommended to include lots of fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Include protein-rich food like different dals, sundals, fish, eggs, etc.
• Try to take whole grains like unpolished rice, whole wheat, millets, etc. for carbohydrate sources.
• Include good fats like nuts, good quality olive oil, avocadoes, coconut oil etc in small quantities.
• Processed, sugar-rich, junk food should be avoided.
• There is some evidence to suggest sticking with a predominantly plant-based diet as far as possible.

IVF cycles have an average success rate of 30-45% per cycle with cumulative pregnancy rates being better.
The major determinant for success is the age of the woman with success rates going down with increasing age.
The quality of embryos (the seed) is another important factor as euploid or chromosomally normal embryos will only result in a live birth.
The endometrial lining and intrauterine environment (the soil) is also a crucial factor as suboptimal environments will lead to decreased implantation and pregnancy rates.

The two-week wait often may seem like the longest and most difficult part of the whole IVF process for many couples.
Spending most of the time wondering whether you will get pregnant or not after putting yourself through so much, is bound to play havoc with our emotions.
One thing you do not have to worry about is whether you’re getting stressed will affect your chances of pregnancy as this association has not been found to be true in studies.
Though IVF may stress you out, YOUR stress is not going to affect your getting pregnant!
Try to keep yourself occupied doing things which relax you or which you love doing, try to get some fresh air every day for some time at least.
For Eg;

• Buy or download the books you wanted to read.
• Make a list of movies or shows you wanted to watch.
• Cook your favourite dishes If you like cooking.
• Listen to your favourite songs or music.
• Practice your gentle breathing exercises to calm your mind
• Make time to paint, write, play an instrument or practice any creative hobby which you may like.

At the end of the day, remind yourself that though IVF as a process may fail, that should not be taken as a fact that there is something majorly wrong with you in any manner.

YES, there is a greater incidence of twins or more with assisted reproduction techniques.
But having said that, nowadays with the advent of better technology and knowledge about the risks associated with multiple pregnancies there have been conscious efforts to reduce the incidence of the same.
This is largely by reducing the number of embryos we choose to transfer at one time.
For those who are very particular about avoiding the change of multiple pregnancies, elective single embryo transfer or eSET where we replace only one single blastocyst is an option to consider.

NO, Sex selection is a legal offence in India and is strictly not practiced.