P

PCOS

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a hormonal disorder affecting many women in the reproductive age group and is characterized by anovulation, state of insulin resistance and production of excess male hormones

Symptoms:

Irregular periods is the most common symptom.
Excessive facial and body hair (hirsutism )
severe acne
male pattern baldness (alopecia)
Acanthosis nigricans – dark, velvety skin patches present over back of the neck or axillary areas.
Obesity – commonly seen along with PCOS

Diagnosis:

Complete history and examination
Blood investigation
GTT
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serum testosterone
FSH
LH
AMH
Ultrasound pelvis- to assess the size and morphology of the ovaries

Complications:

Sub fertility
Increased risk of miscarriages
Type 2 diabetes
Sleep apnea>
Hypertension
Endometrial Cancer

Treatment :

Weight loss it is the main treatment in PCOS as it improves the hormonal imbalance and decreases insulin resistance.

Medical Management :

Regularization of periods – OCP, Progesterone
Ovulation Induction drugs
Insulin sensitizers like metformin

Surgical Management:

Laparoscopic Ovarian drilling in resistant cases

Pre Mature Ovarian Failure

A condition where there is a loss of normal function of ovaries before the age of 40A condition where there is a loss of normal function of ovaries before the age of 40

Symptoms:

Irregular or missed periods
Infertility
Hot flushes
Night sweats
Vaginal dryness
Decreased sexual desire

Causes:

chromosomal defects like – mosaic Turners
Toxins – chemotherapy and radiation therapy can induce damage to the ovaries
Autoimmune diseases
Unknown Factors

Diagnosis:

History and physical examination
Blood Investigation – testing of hormones like FSH, LH, AMH, estradiol
Ultrasound pelvis to assess the size of ovaries

Treatment:

Donor egg programme in those desiring to have a child
Hormone replacement therapy in those who have completed child bearing

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P

PCOS

Symptoms:

Diagnosis:

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Medical Management :

Surgical Management:

Pre Mature Ovarian Failure

Symptoms:

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Diagnosis:

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