Introduction
Surrogacy treatment is recommended when a woman cannot safely carry a pregnancy due to medical reasons such as absence of the uterus, severe uterine conditions, repeated pregnancy loss, or serious health disorders. It is also an option for same-sex male couples and single men who wish to have a biological child through IVF.
For many people, the idea of surrogacy only arises after a long and often emotionally challenging fertility journey. Couples and individuals often ask,
“Is surrogacy really necessary for us?”
Surrogacy is not a first-line fertility treatment. It is recommended only when carrying a pregnancy is medically unsafe or not possible. When used appropriately, surrogacy offers a safe and effective path to parenthood.
This guide explains the medical reasons surrogacy is recommended, who may benefit from it, and how fertility specialists determine whether surrogacy is the right option.
What Is Surrogacy Treatment?
Surrogacy treatment involves transferring an embryo created through IVF treatment into the uterus of a surrogate (gestational carrier), who carries the pregnancy on behalf of the intended parent(s).
In modern fertility practice, gestational surrogacy is used, meaning:
- The surrogate does not provide the egg
- The embryo is created using the intended parent’s or donor’s egg and sperm
Medical Reasons Surrogacy May Be Needed
Surrogacy is recommended when pregnancy cannot be safely achieved or maintained.
1. Absence of the Uterus
Some women are born without a uterus or may have had the uterus surgically removed due to:
- Fibroids
- Cancer
- Severe bleeding
- Obstetric complications
Without a uterus, pregnancy is not possible, making surrogacy the only option to carry a biological child.
2. Severe Uterine Abnormalities
Certain uterine conditions may prevent implantation or increase pregnancy risk, such as:
- Congenital uterine anomalies
- Severe scarring (Asherman’s syndrome)
- Non-responsive uterine lining
In such cases, repeated IVF attempts may fail despite good-qua
3. Repeated Pregnancy Loss
Women with multiple miscarriages may be advised to consider surrogacy when:
- Extensive evaluation shows uterine causes
- Medical treatments have not improved outcomes
- Pregnancy poses repeated physical and emotional risk
Surrogacy can allow embryos to develop in a healthier uterine environment
4. Serious Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions make pregnancy unsafe, including:
- Severe heart disease
- Advanced kidney disease
- Uncontrolled autoimmune disorders
- Life-threatening pregnancy risks
In these cases, surrogacy protects the health of the intended mother while still allowing biological parenthood.
5. Repeated IVF Failure Due to Uterine Factors
When high-quality embryos fail to implant repeatedly despite optimal treatment, uterine factors may be responsible.
Surrogacy may be recommended after:
- Multiple failed IVF cycles
- Failed embryo freezing and frozen embryo transfer attempts
Exhaustive uterine evaluation
Who Else May Need Surrogacy?
Surrogacy is also used in situations beyond female medical conditions.
Same-Sex Male Couples
Surrogacy allows same-sex male couples to have a biological child using:
- Donor egg treatment
- IVF
- A gestational surrogate
Single Men
Single men who wish to become parents may use surrogacy combined with IVF and donor eggs.
Is Surrogacy the First Fertility Option?
No. Doctors recommend surrogacy only after:
- Fertility testing is complete
- Other treatments are unsuccessful or unsafe
- Medical risks are clearly identified
Surrogacy is considered a medical solution, not a shortcut.
How Doctors Decide If Surrogacy Is Right
Fertility specialists assess:
- Medical history
- Uterine health
- IVF outcomes
- Risk of pregnancy complications
- Emotional and psychological readiness
The decision is always personalised and evidence-based.
Surrogacy and Donor Options
Surrogacy may involve:
- Own eggs and sperm
- Donor egg treatment
- Donor sperm treatment
The combination depends on medical findings and reproductive goals.
Emotional Considerations
Surrogacy involves emotional adjustment, including:
- Letting go of carrying the pregnancy
- Managing expectations
- Navigating a complex journey
Professional counselling and supportive fertility care help intended parents feel confident and informed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is surrogacy only for women who cannot carry a pregnancy?
No. It is also used by same-sex male couples and single men.
Does surrogacy guarantee pregnancy?
No fertility treatment guarantees pregnancy, but surrogacy offers strong success rates when medically indicated.
Is IVF required for surrogacy?
Yes. All surrogacy treatments involve IVF to create embryos.
Can frozen embryos be used for surrogacy?
Yes. Most surrogacy cycles use frozen embryos.
Conclusion
Surrogacy treatment is recommended when pregnancy is medically unsafe or not possible. From uterine absence and severe medical conditions to repeated pregnancy loss and failed IVF, surrogacy offers a safe, ethical path to parenthood when used appropriately.
A fertility specialist can help determine whether surrogacy is medically indicated, explain available options, and guide intended parents through this complex but hopeful journey with clarity and care.
Medical Disclaimer
This content is educational and not a substitute for personalized medical advice. If you have irregular cycles, pain, or concerns about ovulation, consult a qualified clinician. For tailored guidance in Mylapore or K. K. Nagar, contact Kanaa Fertility Centre.